According to Knobel and Lankshear, new literacies have two key features that distinguish them from traditional literacy. The first feature is its technicality or digital nature. This generally means some form of electrical apparatus will be used, although it is not a given that computers or the internet are involved. The second, and more critical feature, is a new ethos of collaboration, sharing and creation where "rules and procedures are flexible and open to change" (Knobel & Lankshear, 2006).
Traditional and new literacies are not mutually exclusive, but in themselves are collaborative. Traditional literacy skills are still required and greatly important in student education. These traditional skills are not to be replaced, but to be supplemented by multi-literacy skills and trans-literacy skills, empowering students to critically evaluate and create multiple modes of communication.
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